Fish vaccination

PDF
Published: Nov 22, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.14965
Keywords:
Vaccines Mediterranean aquaculture
P. PAPADOPOULOS (Π. ΠΑΠΑΔΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ)
Laboratory of lcthyology & Fish Pathology, Faculty of Veterìnary Medicine, University of Thessaly
K. BITCHAVA (Κ. ΜΠΙΤΧΑΒΑ)
Laboratory of lcthyology & Fish Pathology, Faculty of Veterìnary Medicine, University of Thessaly
E. TZIRONI (Ε. ΤΖΙΡΩΝΗ)
Laboratory of lcthyology & Fish Pathology, Faculty of Veterìnary Medicine, University of Thessaly
F. ATHANASSOPOULOU (Φ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ)
Laboratory of lcthyology & Fish Pathology, Faculty of Veterìnary Medicine, University of Thessaly
Abstract

In intensive fish rearing system, fish are kept in high densities and their chance to be exposed to micro organisms that can cause infection, such as bacteria, parasites or viruses, is very high. Under these circumstances, the problem of infectious diseases is becoming very important and has significant results. Bacterial and viral diseases of the cultured fish species have led to high mortalities and have decreased the income of the fish farming industries. There are many examples in the Mediterranean Sea, in the production of sea bream (Spams aurata), sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and many other cultured fish species. In the last years, this production has been followed by important outbreaks of known diseases and also by the appearance and identification of new ones. Until recently, for the control of the bacterial and parasite diseases, only antibiotics and chemical products were used that often demonstrated side effects, like residues in the fish muscle, development of resistance to the antibiotics and environmental pollution. Moreover, for the viral diseases, for which there is no treatment, the onset of the disease usually demands the destruction of the infected population. All the above, showed that there was a need to find methods to prevent the infection of the fish populations and this led to the development of vaccines. At the beginning, vaccines were produced only for the most common diseases and were easy to prepare bacterial vaccines, for example for vibriosis, furunculosis and red mouth disease (ERM). Nowadays, the production of new and more effective vaccines has began, even for diseases that are caused by viruses, like the subunit vaccines, the live recombinant and the genetic vaccines.

Article Details
  • Section
  • Review Articles

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

· Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Adams A, Thompson KD, Roberts RJ (1997) Fish vaccines. UN. Rome. Food and Agriculture Organization. Anderson DP, Merchant B, Bixon OW, Schott CF, Lizzio EF (1983) Flush exposure and injection immunisation of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) to selected DNP conjugates. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 7: 261-268.
Anderson DP (1997) Adjuvants and immunostimulants for enhancing vaccine potency in fish. In: Gudding R, Lillehaug A, Midtlyng PJ, Brown F (Eds.), Fish Vaccinology. Basel Karger, 90: 257-265.
Austin Β (1984) The future of bacterial fish vaccines. Vaccine, 2: 249-254.
Azad IS, Shankar KM, Mohan CV, Kalita Β (2000) Update and processing of biofilm and free-cell vaccines of Aeromonas hydrophila in Indian major carps and common carp following oral vaccination-antigen localization by a monoclonal antibody. Dis
Aquat Organ, 43:103-108.
Athanasopoulou F (2006) Νοσήματα εκτρεφόμενων ψαριών στην Ελλάδα. Διδακτικές σημειώσεις για τους φοιτητές του 7ου εξαμήνου. Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλίας.
Bakopoulos V., Adams Α., Richards R. Η. (1997) Serological relationship of Photobacterium damsela subsp. piscicida isolates (the causative agent offish pasteurellosis) determined by Western blot analysis using six monoclonal antibodies. Dis Aquat Org, 28:69-72.
Benmansour A, De Kinkelin Ρ (1997) Live fish vaccines: history and perspectives. In: Gudding R, Lillehaug A, Midtlyng PJ, Brown F (eds.), Fish Vaccinology. Dev Biol Stand 90 Basel Switzerland Karger Publishers, 279-289.
Bowden TJ, Adamson K, MacLachlan P, Pert CC, Bricknell IR (2003) Long-term study of antibody response and injection-site effects of oil adjuvants in Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.). Fish Shellfish Immunol, 14:363-369.
Croy TR., Amend DF (1977) Immunization of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) against vibriosis using the hyperosmotic infiltration technique. Aquaculture, 12: 317-325.
Dixon Ρ (1997) Immunisation with Viral Antigens: Viral Disease of Crap and Catfish. In Fish Vaccinology (Gudding R, Lillehaug A, Midtlyng PJ, Brown F, (eds)), Developments in Bilogical Standardization 90 Karger Bassel, 221-232.
Dorson M (1981) Role and characterization offish antibody. Develop biol Standard, 49: 307-319.
Dos Santos NM, Taverne-Thiele JJ, Barnes AC, van Muiswinkel WB, Ellis AE, Rombout JH (2001) The gill is a major organ for antibody secreting cell production following direct immersion of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.) in a Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida bacterin: an ontogenetic study. Fish Shellfish Immunol, 11(1): 65-74.
Duff DCB (1942) The oral immunization of trout against Bacterium salmonicida. Journal of Immunology, 44:87.
Ellis AE (1985) Development offish vaccines: strategies and future considerations. In:Ellis AE (eds.), Fish and shellfsh Pathologv. Academic Press London, 41-54.
Ellis AE (1988) Fish Vaccination. Academic Press London, 250:1-46.
Ellis AE (1989) The immunology of teleosts. In: Roberts W (Ed.), Fish pathology 2nd edn Bailliere Tindall London, 135-152.
Ellis AE (1997) Immunization with bacterial antigens: furunculosis. In: Gudding R, Lillehaug A, Midtlyng PJ, Brown F (Eds.), Developments in Biological Standardization Basel Karger, 473:107-116.
Evelyn TPT (1997) A historical review offish vaccinology. In: Gudding R, Lillehaug A, Midtiyng PJ, Brown F (Eds.), Fish Vaccinologv. Dev Biol Stand Basel. Switzerland Karger Publishers, 1 -12.
Evensen Ο (2003) The vaccine formulation and its role in inflammatory processes in fish-effects and adverse effects. In: 3rd International Symposium on Fish Vaccinology. Norway Bergen, 23.
Fender DC, Amend DF (1978) Hyperosmotic infiltration: factors influencing uptake of bovine serum albumin by rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). J Fish Res Board Can, 35:871-874.
Fletcher TC, White A (1973) Antibody production in the plaice after oral and parenteral immunization with Vibrio anguillarum antigens. Aquaculture, 1: 417-428.
Frost P, Ness A (1997) Vaccination of Atlantic salmon with recombinant VP2 of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), added to IPNV challenge. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 7: 609-619.
Gudding R, Lillehaug A, Evensen Ο (1999) Recent developments in fish vaccinology. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 72(1-2): 203-212.
Home MT (1997) Technical aspects of the administration of vaccines. ImGudding R, Lillehaug A, Midtlyng PJ, Brown F, (Eds.), Developments in Biological Standardization Basel Karger, 79-89.
Ire T, Watarai S, Iwasaki T, Kodama Η (2005) Protection against experimental Aeromonas salmonicida infection in carp by oral immunization with bacterial antigen antrapped in liposomes. Fish Shellfish Immunol, 18: 235-242.
Johnson KA, Flyrm JIC, Amend DF (1982) Duration of immunity in salmonids vaccinated by direct immersion with Yersenia ruckeri and Vibrio anguillarum bacterins. J Fish Dis, 5: 207-213.
Kawai K, Kusuda R, Itami Τ (1981) Mechanisms of protection in ayu orally vaccinated for vibriosis. Fish Pathol, 15: 257-262.
Le Morvan C, Troutaud D, Deschaux Ρ (1998) Differential effects of temperature on specific and nonspecific immune defences in fish. Journal of Experimental Biology, 201:165-168.
Lillehaug A, Ramstad A, Baekken K, Reitan LJ (1993) Protective immunity in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) vaccinated at different water temperatures. Fish Shellfish Immunol, 3:143-156.
Lobb CJ (1987) Secretory immunity induced in catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, following bath immunization. Dev Comp Immunol, 11(4): 727-738.
Lobb CJ, Clem LW (1981) The metabolic relationships of immunoglobulins in fish serum, cutaneous mucus and bile. J Immun, 127:1525-1529.
Lorenzen Ν (1999) Recombinant vaccines: experimental and applied aspects. Fish and Shellfish lmmunologv, 9: 361-365.
Lumsden JS, Ostland VE, Byrne PJ, Ferguson HW (1993) Detection of a distinct gill-surface antibody response following horizontal infection and bath challenge of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis with Flavobacterium branchiophilum, the causative agent of bacterial gill disease. Dis Aquat Organ, 16(1): 21-27.
Maurice S, Nussinovitch A, Jaffe N, Shoseyov O, Gertler A (2004) Oral immunization of Carassius auratus with modified recombinant Alayer proteins entrapped in alginated beads. Vaccine, 23:450-459.
Midtlyng PJ, Reitan LJ, Lillehaug A, Ramstad A (1996a) Protection, immune response and side effects in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.) vaccinated against furunculosis by different procedures. Fish Shellfish Immunol, 6:599-613.
Midtlyng PJ, Reitan LJ, Speilberg L (1996b). Experimental studies on the efficacy and side-effects of intraperitoneal vaccination of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) against furunculosis. Fish Shellfish Immunol, 6: 335-350.
Midtlyng Ρ J (1996) A field study on intraperitoneal vaccination of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) against furunculosis. Fish Shellfish Immunol, 6:553-565.
Midtlyng PJ (1997) Vaccinated fish welfare: protection versus side effects. In: Gudding R, Lillehaug A, Midtlyng PJ, (Eds.), Fish Vaccinology 90 Basel Karger, 371-379.
Midtlyng PJ, Lillehaug A (1998) Growth of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar after intraperitoneal administration of vaccines containing adjuvants. Dis Aquat Organ, 32: 91-97.
Mutoloki S, Alexandersen S, Evensen Ο (2004) Sequential study of antigen persistence and concomitant inflammatory reactions relative to side effects and growth of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) following intraperitoneal injection with oil-adjuvanted vaccines. Fish Shellfish Immunol, 16: 633-644.
Nakanishi T, Ototake M (1997) Antigen uptake and immune responses after immersion vaccination. In: Gudding R, Lillehaug A, Midtlyng PJ, Brown F, (Eds.), Developments in Biological Standardization Basel Karger, 59-68.
Olivier G, Evelyn TPT, Lallier R (1985) Immunogenicity of vaccines from a virulent and an avirulent strain of Aeromonas salmonicida. J Fish Dis, 8: 43-55.
Paterson WD, Desautels D, Weber JM (1981) The immune response of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L, to the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease Renibacterium salmoniarum. J Fish Dis, 4: 99-111.
Peleteiro MC, Richards RH (1985) Identification of lymphocytes in the epidermis of the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, Richardson. J Fish Dis, 8:161-172.
Poppe TT, Breck Ο (1997) Pathology of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar intraperitoneally immunized with oil-adjuvanted vaccine. A case report Dis Aquat Organ, 29: 219-226.
Press CMcL, Lillehaug A (1995) Vaccination in European salmonid aquaculture: a review of practices and prospects. Br Vet J, 151: 45-69.
Raida M.K., Buchmanna Κ. (2007) Bath vaccination of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) against Yersinia ruckeri: Effects of temperature on protection and gene expression. Vaccine, 26: 8.
Sakai DK (1984) Opsonization by fish antibody and complement in the immune phagocytosis by peritoneal exudate cells isolated from salmonid fishes. J Fish Dis, 7: 29-38.
Smith PD (1988) Vaccination against vibriosis, in Ellis AE (Ed.), Fish vaccination. London Academic Press, 57-85.
Stevenson RMW (1997) Immunization with Bacterial Antigens: Yersiniosis. In Fish Vaccinology, (Gudding R, Lillehaug A, Midtlyng PJ, Brown F, (Eds.)). Developments in Bilogical Standardization 90 Karger Bassel, 117-124.
Tatner MF, Manning MJ (1983) The ontogeny of cellular immunity in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. Richardson, in relation to the stage of development of the lymphoid organs. Dev Comp Immunol, 7(1): 69-75.
Tatner MF (1987) The quantitative relationship between vaccine dilution, length of immersion time and antigen uptake, using a radioloabelled Aeromonas salmonicida bath in direct immersion experiments with rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. Aquaculture, 62:173-85.
Toranzo AE, Santos Y, Barja JL (1997) Immunization with bacterial antigens: Vibrio infections. In: Gudding R, Lillehaug A, Midtlyng PJ, F. Brown, (Eds.), Fish Vaccinology. Dev Biol Stand Basel Switzerland Karger Publishers, 93-105.
Udey LR, Fryer JL (1978) Immunization of fish with bacterins of Aeromonas salmonicida. Mar Fisher Rev, 40: 269-276.
Warr GW (1997) The adaptive immune system offish. In: Gudding R, Lillehaug A, Midtlyng Ρ J, Brown F, (Eds.), Fish Vaccinology. Dev Biol Stand Basel Switzerland Karger Publishing, 15-21.
Winton JR (1998) Molecular approaches to fish vaccines. Journal of Applied lchthvology, 14:153-158.
Yiagnisis M., Alexis M., Bitchava K., Govaris Α., Athanassopoulou F.(2008) The impact of different levels of oxygen in the aerobic intestinal microflora of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). In: 9th Panhellenic Symposium of Oceanography and Fishing, Patra.
Yiagnisis M., Solomakos N., Alexis M., Bitchava K., Athanassopoulou F.(2009) Vibrio species of medical importance, isolated from diseased marine fish in Greece. Journal in applied Ichthyology, in press.
Zapata AG, Torroba M, Varas A, Jimenez AV (1997) Immunity in fish larvae. In: Gudding R, Lillehaug A, Midtlyng PJ, Brown F, (Eds.), Developments in Biological Standardization Basel Karger, 23-32.
Cedric Komar, William. J. Enright, Luc Grisez, and Zilong Tan (2004) Reprinted from AQUA Culture AsiaPacific Magazine.
Lemia MO Hamid (2003) Vaccination of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L.) against atypical furunculosis using different adjuvants. Cited 15/10/2006. Available from World Wide Web: http://www.nfh.uit.no/dok/IFM/thesis/lemia2003.pdf
Olabuenaga Susana E (2000) Fish Immune System. Gayana (Concepc.) vol64 no2, 205-215. Cited 16/10/2006. Available from World Wide Web: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci arttext&pid=S0717653 82000000200010&1ng=en&nrrn=iso. TSSN 0717-6538.
Varvarigos Ρ (2003) Practical considerations of vaccination strategies. Cited 28/09/2006. Available from World Wide Web: http//www. vetcare.gr.
Most read articles by the same author(s)