Effect of the dietary inclusion of a natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) on aerial ammonia level in pig houses


K. SAOULIDIS (Κ. ΣΑΟΥΛΙΔΗΣ)
C. ALEXOPOULOS (Κ. ΑΛΕΞΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ)
D. S. PAPAIOANNOU (Δ.Σ. ΠΑΠΑΪΩΑΝΝΟΥ)
S. K. KRITAS (Σ.Κ. ΚΡΗΤΑΣ)
S. C. KYRIAKIS (Σ.K. ΚΥΡΙΑΚΗΣ)
Résumé

The beneficial effect of dietary inclusion of natural zeolites on the growth of the animals and on reducing ammonia levels in livestock buildings, has been escribed. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of the dietary  inclusion of a natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) on the ammonia level in a Greek "farrow-to-finish" pig unit. Animals participating in the study were of the same genetic background and were divided into two main experimental groups depending on the inclusion or not of clinoptilolite (groups Ζ and Νrespectively) and four experimental subgroups depending on the inclusion or not of antimicrobials in the feed (subgroups Zl9 Nx and Z2, N2 respectively). Aerial ammonia level measurements were carried out using diffusion tubes (Dräger tubes) at the end of each growth stage (weaning, growing and fattening stages). In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurements, in each barn, animals of the same experimental subgroup were allocated. The results of this study demonstrate that the incorporation of clinoptilolite in swine feed had a favorable effect on aerial ammonia level. Significantly lower levels (P<0,05) were obtained in Zl subgroup at the end of the fattening stage. Comparing the results among the main experimental groups (Z and N), the decreasing effect on ammonia level (P<0,05) was evident at the end of the growing and the fattening stages.

Article Details
  • Rubrique
  • Research Articles
Téléchargements
Les données relatives au téléchargement ne sont pas encore disponibles.
Références
Semmens Μ J. Cation-Exchange properties of natural zeolites. In: Pond WG and Mumpton FA (Eds.) Zeo-Agriculture. Use of natural zeolites in Agriculture and Aquaculture. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, 1984: 45-54
Hawkins DB. Occurrence and availability of natural zeolites. In: Pond WG and Mumpton FA (Eds.) Zeo-Agriculture. Use of natural zeolites in Agriculture and Aquaculture. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, 1984: 69-79
Kondo N, Wagai B. Experimental use of clinoptilolite-tuff as dietary supplement for pigs. Yotongai 1968, May: 1-4
Mumpton FA, Fishman PH. The application of natural zeolites in agriculture and aquaculture. J Anim Sci 1977, 45:1188-1203
Shurson GC, Ku PK, Mileer ER, Tokohama MT. Effects of zeolite or clinoptilolite in diets of growing swine. J Anim Sci 1984,59:1536-1545
Yokohama MT, Tabori C, Miller ER, Hogberg MG. The effect of antibiotics in the weanling pig diet on growth and the excretion of volatile phenolic and aromatic bacterial metabolites. Amer J Clin Nutr 1982,35:1417-1424
Headon DR, Walsh G. Biological control of pollutants. In: Cole DJA, Wiseman J, Varley MA (Eds.) Principles of pig Science (1st ed). University Press, Nottingham, 1994: 375-383
Robertson JF. Ammonia, dust and air quality: quantifying the problem. The Pig Journal 1994,33:113-125
Barrington S, El Moueddeb K. Zeolite to control swine manure odours and nitrogen volatilisation. Proc. International Livestock Odor Conference, Iowa State
University, Ames, 1995: 65-68
Versiegen M, Tamminga S, Greers R. The effect of gaseous pollutants on animals. In: Dewi IA, Axford RFE, FayezMarai IM, Omed H (Eds.) Pollution in livestock production systems. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 1994: 71-79
Aarnink AJA, Cahn TT. Ammonia emission from pig houses as affected by dietary composition. Feed Mix 1999,7 (3): 23-27
Aarnink AJA, Sutton AL, Canh TT, Versiegen MW A, Langhout DJ. Dietary factors affecting ammonia and odour release from pig manure. In: Lyons TP, Jacques KA (Eds.) Passport to the year 2000: Biotechnology in the feed industry.
Alltech Publications, 1998:45-59
Aumaitre LA, Dourmad JY, Henry Y. Nutrition, manure and odor control in swine production in Europe. Proc. 28th annual meeting of American Association of Swine Practitioners, Quebec 1997: 531-537
Curtis SE. The air environment. In : Curtis SE (ed) Environmental management in animal agriculture, Iowa State University Press, 1999 : 35
Drummond JG, Curtis SE, Simon J, Norton HW. Effects of aerial ammonia on growth and health of young pigs. J Anim Sci 1980,50:1085-1091
Johansen U, Erwerth W, Menger S, Neuman R, Mehlhorn G, Schimmel D. Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Wirkung einer chronischen aerogenen Schadgasbelastung des Saugferkels mit Ammoniak unterschiedlicher Konzentration. J Vet Med Β 1987,34: 260-273
Robertson JF, Wilson D, Smith WJ. Atrophie rhinitis: the influence of aerial environment. Animal Production 1990,50: 173-182
Andreasen M, Baekbo P, Nielsen K. Effect of aerial ammonia on the MIRD-Complex. Proc 13th International Pig Veterinary Society Congress, Bangkok, Thailand 1994: 429
Von Essen S. Health effects of work in swine confinement buildings: a focus on respiratory conditions. Proc. 38th George A. Young swine conference and annual Nebraska SPF swine conference, Clifford Hardin Nebraska center for continuing education 1997:127-142
Statistical Analysis System Institute, 1995. User's guide: Statistics. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC 21. Health and Safety Executive. Occupational exposure limits.
Guide Note No. EH40/89,1990
Mickwitz GV, Borger H, Kotz J. Die Beurteilung der Lüftung im Schweinestall auhand eines Stallklimaspiegels unter Zugrundelegung einer NH3-Dauerkonzentration von maximal 10 ppm. Prakt Tierarzt 1975,56: 230-240
Σαουλίδης Κ, Κρήτας ΣΚ, Φθενάκης Γ, Κυριακής ΣΚ, Αλεξόπουλος Κ. Μέτρηση της συγκέντρωσης της αμμωνίας σε θαλάμους ελληνικών χοιροστασίων. Δελτίον Ελλ Κτην Εταιρείας 2000,51 (2): 124-127
Mumpton FA, Fishman PH. The application of natural zeolites in animal science and aquaculture. J Anim Sci 1977,45 (5): 1188-1203
Dwarii IM. Conserving toxic ammoniacal nitrogen in manure using natural zeolite tuff: a comparative study. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1998,60:126-133
Grubner O, Jiru P, Ralek M. Molekularsiebe, Physikalischchemische Trenn- und Mabmethoden. Herausgegeben von Dr. Ing. E. Krell, Band 12, VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin
Poulsen HD, Oksbjerg N. Effects of dietary inclusion of a zeolite (clinoptilolite) on performance and protein metabolism of young growing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 1995,53: 297-303
Varel VH, Robinson IM, Pond WG. Effect of dietary copper sulfate, aureo SP250, or clinoptilolite on ureolytic bacteria found in the pig large intestine. Appi Environ Microbiology 1987,53 (9): 2009-2012
Grudney K. Tackling farm waste. In: The production of animal wastes. Farming Press Ltd, Ipswich, UK. Reported by Fleming GA and Mordenti A. European Conference: Environment, Agriculture, Stock Farming in Europe. Mantua, Italy 1991:1990-1993
Ensminger ME. The stockman's handbook. Interstate Printers and Publishers Ine, Danville, Illinois 1983: 814
Burton DL, Beauchamp EG. Nitrogen losses from swine buildings. Agricultural Wastes 1986,15: 59-74
Versiegen M, Den Hartog L. Nutrition and the environment. Manipulating waste products. Proc. 15th International Pig Veterinary Society Congress, Birmingham, England 1998 1:239-248
Monteny GJ. Reduction of ammonia emission from Dutch agriculture: technical solutions. In: In: Dewi IA, Axford RFE, Fayez-Marai IM, Omed H (Eds.) Pollution in livestock production systems. CAB International, Wallingford, UK,
: 429-441
Articles les plus lus par le même auteur ou la même autrice