Βιωμένες εμπειρίες και απόψεις Ελλήνων γονέων για θέματα αυτο-προσδιορισμού νέων ενηλίκων με διαταραχή αυτιστικού φάσματος


Δέσποινα Παπούδη
Παναγιώτα Σταυρούση
Κωνσταντίνα Χατζόγλου
Περίληψη

O αυτο-προσδιορισμός αναφέρεται στην εξασφάλιση της αυτονομίας του ατόμου, το οποίο δρα ως αιτιακός παράγοντας στη ζωή του χωρίς εξωτερικές επιρροές και η ανάπτυξη των δεξιοτήτων αυτο-προσδιορισμού συνδέεται με αυξημένα επίπεδα ποιότητας ζωής κι ανεξαρτησίας στην ενήλικη ζωή. Οι γονείς διαδραματίζουν καθοριστικό ρόλο στην ανάπτυξη δεξιοτήτων αυτο-προσδιορισμού  και η παρούσα μελέτη διερευνά τις δεξιότητες αυτο-προσδιορισμού των νέων ενηλίκων με διαταραχή αυτιστικού φάσματος μέσα από τις βιωμένες εμπειρίες και απόψεις των γονέων τους. Η μελέτη στηρίχθηκε στην ποιοτική μεθοδολογία και δημιουργήθηκε ένας οδηγός ημι-δομημένης συνέντευξης. Οι συνεντεύξεις πραγματοποιήθηκαν με πέντε γονείς, με μέσο όρο ηλικίας 51,8 έτη. Τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης έδειξαν ότι ορισμένες από τις δεξιότητες αυτό-προσδιορισμού των νέων ενηλίκων με διαταραχή αυτιστικού φάσματος, όπως η λήψη αποφάσεων, η αυτο-γνωσία ή η διαμόρφωση επιλογών, είναι αρκετά ανεπτυγμένες. Αντίθετα, δεξιότητες όπως η στοχοθεσία ή η επίλυση προβλημάτων χρήζουν ενίσχυσης και βελτίωσης. Όλοι οι γονείς ανέδειξαν τα οφέλη του αυτο-προσδιορισμού και τα εμπόδια στην ανάπτυξή του και επεσήμαναν ότι ο ρόλος τους στην ενίσχυση του αυτό-προσδιορισμού είναι ενεργός  και καθοριστικός.

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