Θετικές παρεμβάσεις στη Γνωσιακή-Συμπεριφορική Ψυχοθεραπεία

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Δημοσιευμένα: Oct 15, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/psy_hps.23624
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
Γνωσιακή-Συμπεριφορική Ψυχοθεραπεία Θετικές παρεμβάσεις Αποτελεσματικότητα
Πασχαλία Μυτσκίδου
Βλοντάκης Ιωάννης
Περίληψη

Η Γνωσιακή-Συμπεριφορική Ψυχοθεραπεία αποτελεί μια εμπειρικά τεκμηριωμένη θεραπευτική προσέγγιση. Αν και αποτελεί τη θεραπεία επιλογής των αγχωδών και συναισθηματικών διαταραχών, ένα ποσοστό ασθενών που λαμβάνουν Γνωσιακή-Συμπεριφορική Ψυχοθεραπεία παρουσιάζουν συμπτώματα ακόμη και μετά τη λήξη της θεραπείας ή υποτροπές σε μακρόχρονες αξιολογήσεις. Κατά διαστήματα διάφορες τεχνικές έχουν προταθεί με στόχο τον εμπλουτισμό της συγκεκριμένης προσέγγισης και τη βελτίωση της αποτελεσματικότητάς της. Από τον ευρύτερο χώρο της Θετικής Ψυχολογίας, τρία θεραπευτικά προγράμματα, η Θεραπεία Ευζωίας, η Θεραπεία Χτισίματος Ελπίδας και η Θεραπεία Ποιότητας Ζωής, έχουν ενσωματωθεί σε ψυχοθεραπείες Γνωσιακού-Συμπεριφορικού τύπου με στόχο τη μεγιστοποίηση της αποτελεσματικότητάς τους και την πρόληψη υποτροπής. Σε αυτό το άρθρο παρουσιάζονται το θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο, η δομή και οι τεχνικές των θεραπευτικών αυτών προγραμμάτων. Αναφέρονται τα πρώτα ερευνητικά ευρήματα αναφορικά με την αποτελεσματικότητά τους σε θεραπεία ασθενών με άγχος και κατάθλιψη. Τέλος, γίνεται μια κριτική αποτίμηση της συμβολής τους στην αποτελεσματικότητα της Γνωσιακής- Συμπεριφορικής Ψυχοθεραπείας.

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