Η θεραπευτική συμμαχία: ορισμοί, αναστοχασμοί και θεραπευτικές προεκτάσεις

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Δημοσιευμένα: Ιουν 7, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/psy_hps.26870
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
θεραπευτική έκβαση θεραπευτική συμμαχία θεραπευτικές προεκτάσεις ορισμοί Συμβουλευτική Ψυχολογία
Angelika Apostopoulou
University of London
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3384-1984
Theodoros Giovazolias
Πανεπιστήμιο Κρήτης
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9939-4737
Περίληψη

Η παρούσα εργασία έχει σκοπό να εξετάσει και να αξιολογήσει κριτικά την έννοια της θεραπευτικής συμμαχίας στην ψυχοθεραπευτική θεωρία, έρευνα και πράξη. Η έννοια της θεραπευτικής συμμαχίας ενέχει ιδιαίτερη θεωρητική και πρακτική βαρύτητα για τους συμβουλευτικούς ψυχολόγους, οι οποίοι καλούνται να επιδείξουν  μία εις βάθος κατανόηση της θεραπευτικής συμμαχίας και σχέσης, όπως αυτή αντικατοπτρίζεται σε διαφορετικά ψυχοθεραπευτικά μοντέλα (Health and Care Professions Council [HCPC], 2015),  καθώς και την ικανότητα να προβούν στη σχεσιακή άσκηση της συμβουλευτικής και της ψυχοθεραπείας (British Psychological Society [BPS], 2015). Κατ’ επέκταση, η παρούσα κριτική ανασκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας ανοίγει με μία θεώρηση της έννοιας της θεραπευτικής συμμαχίας, όπως αυτή έχει οριστεί και συλληφθεί στις κύριες σχολές ψυχοθεραπείας. Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάζονται οι κύριες  κλίμακες μέτρησης της θεραπευτικής συμμαχίας και αξιολογούνται κριτικά σε σχέση με το μεθοδολογικό τους κύρος και χρησιμότητα στην υπάρχουσα θεωρία και έρευνα πάνω στη θεραπευτική σχέση. Ακολουθεί ένας κριτικός αναστοχασμός πάνω στη σχέση ανάμεσα στη θεραπευτική συμμαχία και έκβαση, δίνοντας ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στα χαρακτηριστικά των θεραπευτών, των θεραπευόμενων αλλά και της αλληλεπίδρασής τους. Υποστηρίζεται ότι τα συγκεκριμένα χαρακτηριστικά φαίνεται να επηρεάζουν την ανάπτυξη και διατήρηση της θεραπευτικής σχέσης και κατά συνέπεια ενδεχομένως να λειτουργούν ως διαμεσολαβητικές και ρυθμιστικές μεταβλητές ανάμεσα στη θεραπευτική συμμαχία και έκβαση. Κλείνοντας, αξιολογούνται κριτικά και εξετάζονται ενδελεχώς σύγχρονοι επαναπροσδιορισμοί και κριτικές της θεωρίας και έρευνας πάνω στη θεραπευτική συμμαχία. Δεδομένης της πρωταρχικότητας της θεραπευτικής σχέσης στη Συμβουλευτική Ψυχολογία, η βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση ολοκληρώνεται με την παρουσίαση των θεραπευτικών προεκτάσεων της υπάρχουσας θεωρίας και έρευνας για τους επαγγελματίες ψυχολόγους γενικότερα και τους συμβουλευτικούς ψυχολόγους ειδικότερα, ανεξάρτητα από τον θεραπευτικό τους προσανατολισμό, έτσι ώστε να μπορέσουν να ενισχύσουν ουσιαστικά την άσκηση του επαγγέλματός τους.

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Λήψεις
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Βιογραφικά Συγγραφέων
Angelika Apostopoulou, University of London
Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Social Sciences
Theodoros Giovazolias, Πανεπιστήμιο Κρήτης
Τμήμα Ψυχολογίας, Σχολή Κοινωνικών Επιστημών
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