Στρατηγικές αντιμετώπισης αντίξοων καταστάσεων, αντιλαμβανόμενο αίσθημα απειλής και πηγές κοινωνικής υποστήριξης σε ενηλίκους κατά την περίοδο της πανδημίας COVID-19


Δημοσιευμένα: Φεβ 5, 2022
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
απειλή απόσπαση προσοχής θετική αναπλαισίωση κοινωνική υποστήριξη πανδημία Covid-19 στρατηγικές αντιμετώπισης τεχνικές άρνησης
Αλέξανδρος Σταμάτιος Αντωνίου
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6225-6085
Esther Greenglass
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9860-9639
Μελέτιος Αθανάσιος Δημόπουλος
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8990-3254
Γεώργιος Χρούσος
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3098-5264
Χαράλαμπος Παπαγεωργίου
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7635-1956
Γιάννης Τούντας
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2439-8087
Περίληψη
Σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας είναι η διερεύνηση των στρατηγικών αντιμετώπισης αντίξοων καταστάσεων, της αντιλαμβανόμενης απειλής και των παραγόντων κοινωνικής υποστήριξης σε ενηλίκους κατά την περίοδο της πανδημίας COVID-19 και συνιστά την ελληνική συμμετοχή στο πλαίσιο ευρύτερης διεθνούς μελέτης που διεξάγεται σε πολλές Ευρωπαϊκές χώρες, ΗΠΑ, Καναδά, Κίνα, Ισραήλ και άλλες. Το δείγμα της ελληνικής έρευνας περιελάμβανε 2.137 ενηλίκους (1.617 άνδρες και 518 γυναίκες). Οι συμμετέχοντες συμπλήρωσαν ερωτηματολόγια μέσω διαδικτύου σχετικά με θέματα ψυχοσωματικής υγείας και συμπεριφοράς. Στο παρόν άρθρο παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα που αφορούν στις στρατηγικές αντιμετώπισης στρεσογόνων καταστάσεων όπως αυτές έχουν αποτυπωθεί μέσω της ομώνυμης κλίμακας του Carver (1997) και των κλιμάκων: κοινωνικής υποστήριξης (Caplan et al., 1980), συμπεριφορών αποφυγής/δράσης (Greenglass, 2019), και αίσθησης απειλής από τον κορωνοϊό (Marjanovic et al., 2013). Τα ευρήματα έδειξαν ότι ένα σημαντικό ποσοστό του δείγματος ανέφερε ότι κατά την ψυχοπιεστική αυτή περίοδο κατέφευγε σε τεχνικές που αποσκοπούν στη ρύθμιση του συναισθήματος και στην επίλυση του προβλήματος. Επιπλέον, στις στρατηγικές αντιμετώπισης, βρέθηκαν στατιστικώς σημαντικές διαφορές μεταξύ των δύο φύλων, με τους άνδρες να αναφέρουν συστηματικότερη χρήση τους. Τα άτομα ηλικίας 18-27 ετών παρουσίασαν χαμηλότερες τιμές στην ενεργητική αντιμετώπιση, συγκριτικά με όλες τις υπόλοιπες ηλικιακές ομάδες. Επίσης, βρέθηκε ότι όσοι δεν είχαν ολοκληρώσει την τριτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση ανέφεραν ότι έκαναν πιο συχνή χρήση των  τεχνικών άρνησης της υφιστάμενης κατάστασης. Στατιστικά σημαντικοί προβλεπτικοί παράγοντες του αισθήματος απειλής ήταν η ρύθμιση του συναισθήματος και οι συμπεριφορές αποφυγής. Τα ευρήματα συζητούνται με βάση τα σύγχρονα μοντέλα στρατηγικών αντιμετώπισης αντίξοων καταστάσεων.
Λεπτομέρειες άρθρου
  • Ενότητα
  • ΕΙΔΙΚΟ ΑΦΙΕΡΩΜΑ
Λήψεις
Αναφορές
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