Η παρέμβαση Problem Management Plus (PM+) στο πλαίσιο της ψυχοκοινωνικής υποστήριξης προσφύγων: Ερευνητικά δεδομένα και εφαρμογές

Manuscript
Δημοσιευμένα: Dec 16, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/psy_hps.31517
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
παρέμβαση PM , ψυχοκοινωνική υποστήριξη, πρόσφυγες, μετατόπιση εργασιακών καθηκόντων
Χρυσοβαλάντης Παπαθανασίου
Πάντειον Πανεπιστήμιο Κοινωνικών και Πολιτικών Επιστημών, Εταιρεία Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης και Ψυχικής Υγείας (ΕΠΑΨΥ)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6173-9939
Στέλλα Παντελίδου
Εταιρεία Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης και Ψυχικής Υγείας (ΕΠΑΨΥ)
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3709-1068
Πέπη Μπελέκου
Εταιρεία Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης και Ψυχικής Υγείας (ΕΠΑΨΥ)
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8612-7982
Αγγελική Μενεδιάτου
Εταιρεία Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης και Ψυχικής Υγείας (ΕΠΑΨΥ)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-9986
Αναστασία Μάντζαρη
Εταιρεία Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης και Ψυχικής Υγείας (ΕΠΑΨΥ)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0634-351X
Στέλιος Στυλιανίδης
Πάντειον Πανεπιστήμιο Κοινωνικών και Πολιτικών Επιστημών, Εταιρεία Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης και Ψυχικής Υγείας (ΕΠΑΨΥ)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8334-1817
Περίληψη

Η παρέμβαση Problem Management Plus (PM+) αναπτύχθηκε από τον Παγκόσμιο Οργανισμό Υγείας, προκειμένου να καλύψει το κενό μεταξύ των αναγκών ψυχικής υγείας και της πρόσβασης σε ποιοτική περίθαλψη, ως μέρος του Προγράμματος Δράσης για το Κενό Ψυχικής Υγείας (mhGAP). Πρόκειται για μια παρέμβαση ψυχοκοινωνικής υποστήριξης ενηλίκων, οι οποίοι πάσχουν από συνήθη προβλήματα ψυχικής υγείας και αντιμετωπίζουν αντιξοότητες στην καθημερινότητα. Υπάρχουν ισχυρές ενδείξεις σχετικά με την αποτελεσματικότητά της στη μείωση των ψυχολογικών συμπτωμάτων σε ενήλικες που εκτίθενται σε αντιξοότητες. Στο πλαίσιο του προγράμματος «Προσωπικό Ψυχοκοινωνικής Υποστήριξης στην Κοινότητα», το οποίο υλοποιείται από την Εταιρεία Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης και Ψυχικής Υγείας σε συνεργασία με την Ύπατη Αρμοστεία του ΟΗΕ για τους Πρόσφυγες, μέλη προσφυγικών κοινοτήτων εκπαιδεύονται και εποπτεύονται από επαγγελματίες ψυχικής υγείας, προκειμένου να παρέχουν ψυχοκοινωνική υποστήριξη μέσω της παρέμβασης PM+ σε πρόσφυγες που αντιμετωπίζουν συναισθηματικές δυσκολίες. Οι βασικές στρατηγικές της παρέμβασης βασίζονται σε τεχνικές επίλυσης προβλημάτων και συμπεριφορικής θεραπείας, οι οποίες περιλαμβάνουν τη διαχείριση του άγχους, την ενεργοποίηση της συμπεριφοράς και την ενίσχυση της κοινωνικής υποστήριξης. Επιπλέον, συμπτώματα κατάθλιψης, άγχους, αυτοκτονικότητας και αυτοαναφερόμενα προβλήματα ψυχικής υγείας αξιολογούνται μέσω της χορήγησης ερωτηματολογίων (πριν και μετά την παρέμβαση). Στο παρόν άρθρο γίνεται αναλυτική περιγραφή της παρέμβασης, βάσει πρόσφατων εμπειρικών και κλινικών δεδομένων, καθώς και παρουσίαση ενός παραδείγματος εφαρμογής της από ειδικά εκπαιδευμένους πρόσφυγες.

Λεπτομέρειες άρθρου
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