Εκφοβισμός και θυματοποίηση: Βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση ερευνητικών ευρημάτων από τον ελληνικό χώρο


Konstantinos M Kokkinos
Kyriaki Karagianni
Abstract

Η παρούσα ανασκόπηση αποσκοπεί στην πληρέστερη κατανόηση των παραγόντων που συνδέονται με την εκδήλωση του παραδοσιακού εκφοβισμού και του κυβερνο-εκφοβισμού/θυματοποίησης (ΠΕ, ΚΕ, ΠΘ, ΚΘ) σε έλληνες μαθητές προεφηβικής και εφηβικής ηλικίας. Συγκεκριμένα, επιχειρείται η κριτική ανάλυση και συνθετική παρουσίαση πορισμάτων ερευνών, που πραγματοποιήθηκαν από τον πρώτο συγγραφέα και την ερευνητική του ομάδα και που δημοσιεύονται σε ξενόγλωσσα επιστημονικά περιοδικά, στη βάση του θεωρητικού πλαισίου του Γενικού Μοντέλου Επιθετικότητας (ΓΜΕ). Αρχικά, γίνεται σύνθεση ευρημάτων σχετικών με ατομικούς παράγοντες καθώς και με τους παράγοντες πλαισίου που συνδέονται με την εκδήλωση/βίωση τέτοιου είδους εμπειριών. Στη συνέχεια, αναλύονται τα ευρήματα για τους μηχανισμούς εσωτερικής/ψυχικής κατάστασης (διαδικασίες κοινωνικής επεξεργασίας/νόησης) που φαίνεται να συνδέονται με τους προαναφερθέντες παράγοντες και οι οποίοι μπορούν να οδηγήσουν σε εμπειρίες ΠΕ/ΠΘ και ΚΕ/ΚΘ. Ακολουθούν οι διαδικασίες αξιολόγησης, επαναξιολόγησης (στρατηγικές διαχείρισης ψυχοπιεστικών καταστάσεων) και λήψης απόφασης, που έπονται των διεργασιών εσωτερικής/ψυχικής κατάστασης. Αναφορά γίνεται επίσης σε πιθανές μακροπρόθεσμες επιπτώσεις των εμπειριών ΠΕ/ΠΘ και ΚΕ/ΚΘ στο άτομο. Συνολικά, η παρούσα εργασία παρέχει ενδείξεις πως ορισμένοι ατομικοί και καταστασιακοί παράγοντες ενδέχεται να συνδέονται μέσω συγκεκριμένων διεργασιών, συμβατών με αυτούς που περιγράφονται από το ΓΜΕ, με την εκδήλωση/βίωση των εν λόγω φαινομένων. Ωστόσο, αναδεικνύονται ορισμένες διαδραστικές σχέσεις μεταξύ ενδοπροσωπικών, νοητικών και συναισθηματικών παραγόντων, που δε φαίνεται να λαμβάνονται υπόψη από το ΓΜΕ. Στο τέλος του άρθρου παρατίθενται οι περιορισμοί της παρούσας ανασκόπησης, καθώς και ορισμένες προτάσεις για μελλοντική έρευνα.    

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Biografie autore
Konstantinos M Kokkinos, Παιδαγωγικό Τμήμα Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης

Καθηγητής,

Παιδαγωγικό Τμήμα Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης
Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης
Ν. Χηλή, 68100, Αλεξανδρούπολη

Kyriaki Karagianni, Παιδαγωγικό Τμήμα Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης
Παιδαγωγικό Τμήμα Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης
Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης
Ν. Χηλή, 68100, Αλεξανδρούπολη
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