Μεταρρυθμιστική διακυβέρνηση μέσω ελευθερίας επιλογών σε μια μεγαλούπολη της νότιας Ασίας: Κριτική επισκόπηση


Δημοσιευμένα: May 1, 2012
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
Προσέγγιση ικανοτήτων Ντάκα πολιτική συμμετοχή μεταρρυθμιστική διακυβέρνηση αστική ανεκτικότητα
Saleh Ahmed
Περίληψη
Οι αναπτυσσόμενες χώρες και οι οικονομίες σε μετάβαση βιώνουν πρωτοφανείς ρυθμούς αστικοποίησης. Αυτό το εντυπωσιακό γεγονός περιλαμβάνει μία ανεπανάληπτη δυναμική συστημάτων ανθρώπινης ασφάλειας και μέσων διαβίωσης. Η παρούσα εργασία μέσω της ανθρωποκεντρικής προσέγγισης επιχειρεί να αναδείξει αυτά τα ζητήματα. Έτσι, οι επιλογές και οι αξίες των ατόμων μπορούν να ερμηνευθούν πιο αποτελεσματικά καθώς και να εκτιμηθούν εντός του κοινωνικοπολιτικού πλαισίου τους. Η φιλοσοφική προσέγγιση βασίζεται στο έργο του Νομπελίστα Οικονομολόγου Amartya Sen. H εργασία διερευνά το βαθμό στον οποίο οι ιδέες του Sen, όσον αφορά στην ελευθερία επιλογών και την προσέγγιση των δυνατοτήτων, μπορούν να βελτιώσουν την αστική διακυβέρνηση σε πόλεις όπως η Ντάκα, η οποία αποτελεί παράδειγμα υπεραστικοποίησης – με αναπτυσσόμενες περιοχές χαμηλού εισοδήματος που βιώνουν σοβαρά φαινόμενα φτώχειας και αποκλεισμού.
Λεπτομέρειες άρθρου
  • Ενότητα
  • Ερευνητικά Άρθρα
Λήψεις
Τα δεδομένα λήψης δεν είναι ακόμη διαθέσιμα.
Βιογραφικό Συγγραφέα
Saleh Ahmed, Πανεπιστήμιο Sapienza Ρώμης

PhD Candidate and Research Fellow “Sociotrends”

Αναφορές
Alam M. and Rabbani M.D.G. (2007), "Vulnerabilities and responses to climate change for Dhaka", Environment and Urbanization 19: 81-97.
Bamberger M. (2006) "Book Review: Removing Unfreedoms: Citizens as Agents of Change in Urban Development", American Journal of Evaluation 27: 498-502.
Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (2002) Population Census 2001, Dhaka: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Press.
Banks N. (2006), "A tale of two wards: political participation and urban poor in Dhaka", Environment and Urbanization 20: 361-376.
Banglapedia (2010) Dhaka City. Available under the URL: < http://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/D_0145.HTM>.
Berwari N and Mutter M. (2005), "Development and Urbanization’, in Samuels J. (eds), Removing Unfreedoms-Citizens as Agents of Change in Urban Development, p.p. 1-26, Wawickshire: ITDG.
Clark D.A. (2005), The Capability Approach: Its Development, Critics and Recent Advances, Global Poverty Research Group. Available under the URL: .
Davis M (2006), Planet of Slum,. London: Verso.
Devine J. (2008), Well-being and the rotten foundations of a development success.
London: ESRC Research group on wellbeing in developing countries. Available under the URL: <http://www.welldev.org.uk/research/briefings.htm>.
Dijst M. and Schenkel W. (2002), "Urban Governance and Infrastructure: Coping with Diversity, Complexity and Uncertainty", in Dijst M., Schenkel W. and Thomas I. (eds.), Urban and Regional Planning and Development Series, p.p. 289-301. Surrey: Ashgate.
Frediani A.A. (2007), "Amartya Sen, the World Bank, and the Redress of Urban Poverty: A Brazilian Case Study", Journal of Human Development 8-1(133-152).
Fukuda-Parr S. (2002), Millennium Declaration 2002. Draft paper for Fourth Global Forum: Dialogue and Partnerships for the Promotion of Democracy and Development. Available under the URL: <http://www.undp.org/oslocentre/PAR_ Bergen_2002/gov-past-present-future.pdf>
Godschalk D.R. (2003), "Urban Hazard Mitigation: Creating Resilient Cities", Natural Hazards Review 4: 136-143.
Government of Bangladesh 2003, Population Census 2001, Dhaka: Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Planning Publication.
Idea Connection (2010) Uncontrolled Urban development Online Publication. Available under the URL: <http://www.ideaconnection.com/solutions/7185-Uncontrolledurbandevelopment.html>
National Institute of Disaster Management (2009). Emerging Issues and Concerns: Urban Risk Management. New Delhi: Second India Disaster Management Congress 2009. Available under the URL: <http://nidm.gov.in/idmc2/PDF/ Concept/Urban.pdf>.
Irazábal C. (2004), Models of Urban Governance and planning in Latin America and the United States: Associationism, Regime Theory, and Communicative Action, Barcelona: International Planning History Society.
Islam S.A. (2006), "The predicament of democratic consolidation in Bangladesh", Bangladesh e-journal of sociology. Available under the URL: .
Kala M. (2007), Democratizing Policy Making in India: Role of Participatory and Deliberative Governance in Advancing Human Capabilities and Freedoms New York: Conference of the Human Development and Capability Association: “Ideas Changing History”. Available under the URL: <http://www.capabilityapproach.com/pubs/Kala07.pdf>.
Kamal A. (2000), Accountable Governance and Poverty Alleviation, Kathmandu: Democracy Forum 2000 on Democracy and Poverty: A Missing Link?.
Kaufmann D., Kraay A. and Mastruzzi M. (2009), Governance Matters VIII: Aggregate and Individual Governance Indicators 1996-2008 Washington, D. C.: World Bank Policy Research Working Paper.
Khan N. and Nilufar F. (2009), "Spatial Logic of Morphological Transformation", in Koch D., Marcus L. and Steen J., (eds), Proceedings of the 7th International Space Syntax Symposium, p.p. ref. 52 (1-14). Stockholm: The Royal Institute of Technology.
Khan H.A. (2007), Democracy in Bangladesh: From Crisis to Sustainability, Maryland: Democracy Forum.
Lavent T.B and Nijkamp P. (2009), 7 FAQs in Urban Planning. Available under the URL: <http://dare.ubvu.vu.nl/bitstream/1871/15306/4/rm%202009-30.pdf>.
Meherotra S. (2008), "Democracy, decentralization and access to basic services: an elaboration an Sen’s capability approach", in Komim F., Qizilbash M. and Alkire S.(eds) The Capability Approach: Concepts, Measures and Applications, p.p. 385420, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Osman F.A. (2009), "Public Health, Urban Governance and the Poor in Bangladesh: Policy and Practice", Asia-Pacific Development Journal 16: 27-58.
Perlman J. (2002), The metamorphosis of marginality: Rio’s favelas 1969-2002. Dublin: Trinity College World Bank Conference 2002. Available under the URL: .
Population Information Program (2002), Meeting the Urban Challenge, Baltimore: Center for Communication Program, Johns Hopkins Bloomburg School of Public Health.
Quadir F. (2007), Bangladesh: Country Report. Washington D.C.: Freedom House.Available under the URL: <http://www.freedomhouse.org/uploads/ccr/country7132-8.pdf>.
Rahman M.S. and Rahman M.M. (2005), "Local Government In Bangladesh: Major Issues and Challenges", in Jabes J. (eds) The Role of Public Administration in Alleviating Poverty and Improving Governance, p.p. 141-157. Manila: Asian Development Bank Press.
Rahaman M.M. (2007), "Origins and Pitfalls of Confrontational Politics in Bangladesh", South Asian Survey 14: 101–115.
Removing Unfreedoms Design Associates (2007), Amartya Sen: Project Design and Policy Frameworks for Urban Design. Available under the URL: <http://www.removingunfreedoms.org/#goals>.
Robeyns I. (2003), The Capability Approach: An Interdisciplinary Introduction. Available under the URL: <http://www.ingridrobeyns.nl/>.
Sen K.A. (1996), "On the foundation of welfare economics: utility, capability and practical reason", in Farina F., Hahn F. and Vanucci S. (eds), Ethics, Rationality and Economic Behavior, p.p. 50-87. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Sen K.A. (1999), Development as Freedom, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Sen K.A. (1999), "Democracy as universal value", Journal of Democracy 10: 3-17.
Siddiqui K. (2000), Local Government in Bangladesh. Dhaka: The University Press Ltd.
The Daily Ittefaq (2010) Congestion increases on Thursday. Available under the URL: <http://ittefaq.com.bd/content/2010/04/09/print0250.htm>.
The Economists Intelligence Unit (2010), The Liveability Index 2010, London: The Economist.
Ullah A.K.M.A. (2005), "Poverty Reduction in Bangladesh: Does Good Governance Matter?" in Jabes J. (ed.) The Role of Public Administration in Alleviating Poverty and Improving Governance, p.p. 423-436. Manila: Asian Development Bank Press.
United Nations (1998), World Urbanization Prospects: The 1996 Revision New York: United Nations. Available under the URL: <http://www.un.org/esa/population/ pubsarchive/urbanization/urbanization>.
United Nations (1999), World Urbanization Prospects: The 1999 Revision New York: United Nations. Available under the URL: <http://www.un.org/esa/population/ pubsarchive/urbanization/urbanization.pdf>.
United Nations Development Programme (2001), Indonesia Human Development Report 2001: Towards a New Consensus: Democracy and Human Development.
Jakarta: UNDP. Available under the URL: <http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/ nationalreports/asiathepacific/indonesia/indonesia_2001_en.pdf>.
United Nations Development Programme (2002), The Human Development Report 2002: Deepening Democracy in a Fragmented World, New York: Oxford University Press.
United Nations (2002), World Urbanization Prospects, the 2001 revision, New York: Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
United Nations (2008), World Urbanization Prospects: The 2007 Revision (Executive Summary). New York: Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat. Available under the URL: <http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wup2007/ 2007WUP_ ExecSum_web.pdf>.
United Nations Development Programme (2002), Human Development Report 2002: Deepening Democracy in a Fragmented World, New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
United Nations Development Programme (2008), Human Development Report 2008, New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
United Nations Development Programme (2009), Human Development Report 2009, New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
United Nations (2010), World Population Report, United Nation: Geneva.
World Bank (2007), Bangladesh: Strategy for Sustained Growth, Dhaka: World Bank Bangladesh Publication.