Presence of the Father in Family and Perceived Parental Acceptance-Rejection


Published: Jun 15, 2019
Keywords:
parental acceptance-rejection father’s presence perceived paternal acceptance-rejection perceived maternal acceptance-rejection
Irina Mrvoljak Theodoropoulou
Αικατερίνη Γκαρή
Κωνσταντίνος Μυλωνάς
Abstract
Interpersonal Acceptance-Rejection Theory (IPAR Theory), recently renamed from Parental Acceptance-Rejection Theory (PART), entails that children react crossculturally with consistence to the types of behavior perceived as “acceptance” and “rejection” primarily by their parents. The majority of studies also showed that the higher degree of father’s presence as caregiver within family, the more children feel to be accepted by both parents (Rohner, 1986). This study explores the relationship between the presence of father as caregiver and the perceived acceptancerejection in childhood, by using the short version of the Adults Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control questionnaire (Adult PARQ/C. Rohner, 2005. Rohner & Khaleque, 2008). 1117 students from various universities in Athens, Greece and in Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herzegovina participated in this research. The multivariate analyses of variance findings suggest a fairly strong relationship between maternal and paternal perceived acceptance and father’s physical presence within family activity, as well as his involvement in raising a child duties. These findings are discussed in relation to empirical studies of the international literature of perceived paternal acceptance-rejection.
Article Details
  • Section
  • RESEARCH PAPERS
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Allen, S.,&Kerry, D. (2007). The effects of father involvement: An updated research summary of the evidence. Centre for Families, Work & Well-Being, University of Guelph. Retrieved from http://www.fira.ca/cms/documents/29/Effects_of_FatherInvolvement. pdf
Amato, P. (1994). Father-child relations, mother-child relations, and offspring psychological well-being in adulthood. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 56, 1031-1042.
Broude, G. (1990). Protest masculinity: A further look at the causes and the concept. Ethos, 18(1), 103-122.
Canfield, K. (1999). Promises worth keeping. In W. Horn, D. Blankenhorn, & M. Pearlstein (Eds.), The fatherhood movement: A call to action (pp. 43-55). New York: Lexington Books.
Crouter, A. C., Bumpass, M., Head, M., & McHale, S. (2001). Implications of overwork and overload for the quality of men’s relationships. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 63, 404-416.
Culp, R. E., Schadle, S., Robinson, L., & Culp, A. M. (2000). Relationships among paternal involvement and young children’s perceived self-competence and behavioral problems. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 9(1), 27-38.
Deutsch, F. M., Servis, L. J., & Payne, J. D. (2001). Paternal participation in child care and its effects on children’s self-esteem and attitudes toward gendered roles. Journal of Family Issues, 22, 1000-1024.
Dubowitz, H., Black, M. M., Cox, C. E., Kerr, M. A., Litrownik, A. J., Radhakrishna, A., English, D. J., Wood Schneider, M., & Runyan, D. K. (2001). Father involvement and children’s functioning at age 6 years: A multisite study. Child Maltreatment, 6, 300-309.
Flouri, E. (2005). Fathering and child outcomes. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Formoso, D., Gonzales, N. A., Barrera, M., &Dumka, L. E. (2007). Interparental relations, maternal employment and fathering in Mexican American families. Journal of Marriage and Family, 69, 26-39.
Giotsa, A.,&Touloumakos, A. K. (2016). “They Accept Me, They Accept Me Not”Psychometric Properties of the Greek Version of the Child Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire-Short Form.Journal of Family Issues: 37(9), 1226-1243.
Jaffee, S. R., Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., & Taylor, A. (2003). Life with (or without) father: The benefits of living with two biological parents depend on the father's antisocial behavior. Child Development,74(1), 109-126.
Jöreskog, K. G. (1977). Factor analysis by least-squares and maximum likelihood methods. In K. Enslein, A. Ralston,& H. S.Wilf (Eds.), Statistical methods for digital computers(pp. 125-153). NewYork: Wiley.
Khaleque, A., &Rohner, R. P. (2012). Pancultural associations between perceived parental acceptance and psychological adjustment of children and adults: A meta-analytic review of worldwide research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 43(5), 784-800.
Lamb, M. E. (1975). Fathers: Forgotten contributions to child development. Human Development, 18, 245-266.
Lamb, M. D., Pleck, J. H., Charnov, E. L., & Levine, J. A. (1985). Paternal behavior in humans. American Zoologist, 25, 883-894.
Lerner, R. M., Easterbrooks, M. A., & Mistry, J. (2003). Handbook of psychology:Developmental psychology, Vol. 6.NewYork: Wiley.
Mylonas, K. (2009). Reducing bias in cross-cultural factor analysis through a statistical technique for metric adjustment: Factor solutions for quintets and quartets of countries. In A. Gari&K. Mylonas (Eds.), Quod erat demonstrandum: From Herodotus' ethnographic journeys to cross-cultural research (pp. 159-168). Athens: Pedio Books.
Mylonas, K.,&Gari, A. (2010). Giftedstudents’ identification via psychometric and statistical criteria: Method, usefulness and perspectives. In J. Papadatos& C. Babounis (Eds.), Proceedings of the 1st Panhellenic Congress of Educational Sciences, Volume A. Athens: Smyrniotakis.
Mylonas, K., Gari, A., Panagiotopoulou, P., Georgiadi, E., Valchev, V., Papazoglou, S., &Brkich, M. (2011). Bias in terms of culture: Work values country-clustering for 33 European countries and person-job fit factor equivalence testing for four European countries. In J. Deutch, M. Boehnke, U. Kühnen, & K. Boehnke (Eds.), Rendering borders obsolete: Cross-cultural and cultural psychology as an interdisciplinary,multi-method endeavor. Bremen, Germany: International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology.
Pleck, J. H.,&Masciadrelli, B. P. (2004). Paternal involvement by US residential fathers. In M. E. Lamb (Ed.), The role of the father in child development(4th ed., pp. 222-271). New York: John Wiley.
Poortinga, Y. H. (1989). Equivalence of cross-cultural data: An overview of basic issues. International Journal of Psychology, 24, 737-756.
Poortinga, Y. H.,& Van de Vijver, F. J. R. (1987). Expplaining cross-cultural differences: Bias analysis and beyond. Journalof Cross-Cultural Psychology, 18, 259-282.
Radin, N.,&Sagi, A. (1982). Child-rearing fathers in intact families in Israel and the USA. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 28, 111-136.
Radin, N., Williams, E., & Coggins, K. (1993, October). Paternal involvement in child rearing and the school performance of Native American children: An exploratory study. Paper presented at the Conference on Race/Ethnic Families in the US, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.
Rohner, R. (1975). They love me, they love me not. New Haven, CN: HRAF Press.
Rohner, R. P. (1986). The warmth dimension: Foundations of parental acceptance-rejection theory. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 4(11), 552-557.
Rohner, R. P. (2004). “The acceptance-rejection syndrome”. Universal correlates of parental acceptance-rejection. American Psychologist, 58, 830-840.
Rohner, R. P.(2005). Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire: Test manual. In R. P. Rohner& A. Khaleque (Eds.), Handbook for the Study of Parental Acceptance and Rejection (4th ed., pp. 43-106). Storrs, CT: Rohner Research Publications.
Rohner, R. P., (2008). Introduction: Parental acceptance-rejection theory studies of intimate adult relationships. Cross-Cultural Research, 42(1), 5-12.
Rohner, R. P., & Carrasco, M. A.(Eds.). (2014). Review of parental power and prestige moderate the relationship between perceived parental acceptance and offspring’s psychological adjustment.Cross-Cultural Research, 48(3), 197-213.
Rohner, R. P.,&Khaleque, A. (2008). Handbook for the study of parental acceptance and rejection(4th ed.),Storrs, CT:Rohner Research Publications.
Rohner, R. P.,&Khaleque, A. (2015). Introduction to interpersonal acceptance-rejection theory, method, evidence and implications. The University of Connecticut.
Rohner, R. P.,&Rohner, E.C. (1982). Enculturative continuity and the importance of caretakers.Cross Cultural Codes, 17(1-2), 91-113.
Rohner, R. P.,&Veneziano, R. A. (2001). The importance of father love: History and contemporary evidence. Review of General Psychology, 5, 382-405.
Shaffer, D., Fisher, P., Lucas, C.P., Dulcan, M. K., &Schwab-Stone,M.E.(2000). NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 28–38.
Squire, S.,& Stein, A. (2003). Functional MRI and parental responsiveness: A new avenue into parental psychopathology and early parent–child interactions? British Journal of Psychiatry, 183, 481-483.
Τσιγγίλης, Ν. (2010). Βασικές έννοιες και διαδικασία εφαρμογής της μοντελοποίησης δομικών εξισώσεων στις κοινωνικές επιστήμες. Επιστημονική Επετηρίδα της Ψυχολογικής Εταιρείας Βορείου Ελλάδος, 8, 1-35.
Van de Vijver, F. J. R.,&Leung, K. (1997). Methods and data analysis for cross-cultural research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Van de Vijver, F. J. R.,& Poortinga, Y. H. (2002). Structural equivalence in multilevel research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33, 141-156.
Van Prooijen, J.-W., & Van der Kloot, W. A. (2001). Confirmatory analysis of exploratively obtained factor structures. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 6, 777-792.
Veneziano, R. A. (2000). Perceived paternal and maternal acceptance and rural African American and European American youths’ psychological adjustment. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 123-132.
Veneziano, R. A. (2003). The importance of parental warmth. Cross-Cultural Research, 37, 265-281.
Veneziano, R.,&Rohner, R. (1998). Perceived paternal acceptance, paternal involvement, and youths’ psychological adjustment in a rural, biracial Southern community. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 60, 335-343.
Vetere, A. (2011). Μια προσέγγιση στις διαπροσωπικές σχέσεις και τη θεραπεία με βάση τον παράγοντα «φύλο». ΣτοD. Miell&R. Dallos (Επιμ.), Διαπροσωπικές σχέσεις: Μια συνεχής κοινωνική αλληλεπίδραση (σελ. 374-382). Αθήνα: εκδ. Πεδίο.
Williams, S.,& Finley, G. (1997). Father contact and perceived affective quality of fathering in Trinidad. Interamerican Journal of Psychology, 31, 315-319
Most read articles by the same author(s)