Καταστασιακή αισιοδοξία, καταστασιακή απαισιοδοξία και ημερήσια εργασιακή σμίλευση: Μια ποσοτική έρευνα ημερολογίου


Δημοσιευμένα: Dec 31, 2023
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
αισιοδοξία απαισιοδοξία εργασιακή σμίλευση μελέτη ημερολογίου εστιασμένη αυτορρύθμιση πολύ-επίπεδη ανάλυση
Αναστάσιος Απόστολος Αργύρης
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8723-4066
Λεωνίδας Ζαμπετάκης
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9568-6302
Περίληψη

Η έρευνα εστιάζει στη μελέτη της καταστασιακής αισιοδοξίας/απαισιοδοξίας και της ημερήσιας εργασιακής σμίλευσης, όπως ερμηνεύεται στο Μοντέλο Εργασιακών Απαιτήσεων – Πόρων. Στο μοντέλο αυτό η εργασιακή σμίλευση αποτελείται από τρεις διαστάσεις, την αναζήτηση εργασιακών πόρων, την αναζήτηση προκλήσεων και την μείωση απαιτήσεων. Με την μέθοδο ημερολογίου και για πέντε συνεχόμενες εργασιακές ημέρες συλλέχθηκαν δεδομένα από εξήντα-τέσσερις εργαζόμενους σε στρατιωτική βάση της Ελληνικής Πολεμικής Αεροπορίας. Χρησιμοποιώντας πολυ-επίπεδες αναλύσεις, διαπιστώθηκε ότι η καταστασιακή αισιοδοξία και η καταστασιακή απαισιοδοξία είναι διακριτές αλλά αρνητικά σχετιζόμενες μεταβλητές. Χρησιμοποιώντας ως θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο τη θεωρία της εστιασμένης αυτορρύθμισης υποθέσαμε και επιβεβαιώθηκε από τις αναλύσεις ότι η αισιοδοξία και η απαισιοδοξία των εργαζομένων σχετίζονται με διαφορετικές στρατηγικές εργασιακής σμίλευσης. Συγκεκριμένα, στο ενδοατομικό επίπεδο βρέθηκε ότι η καταστασιακή αισιοδοξία σχετίζεται θετικά με την αναζήτηση εργασιακών πόρων και την αναζήτηση προκλήσεων, δηλαδή στρατηγικών εστιασμένων στην προαγωγή. Από την άλλη, η καταστασιακή απαισιοδοξία βρέθηκε να σχετίζεται θετικά με στρατηγική εστιασμένη στην αποτροπή και συγκεκριμένα τη μείωση απαιτήσεων. Η μελέτη καταδεικνύει τη σημασία της αισιοδοξίας και απαισιοδοξίας ως διακριτών μεταβλητών και το γεγονός ότι η εργασιακή σμίλευση αποτελεί συμπεριφορά που μπορεί να πραγματοποιηθεί σε ημερήσια βάση, ακόμα και σε οργανισμούς με αυστηρή ιεραρχική δομή και περιορισμένη αυτονομία, όπως αποτελεί η περίπτωση των στρατιωτικών μονάδων.

Λεπτομέρειες άρθρου
  • Ενότητα
  • ΣΥΝΤΟΜΕΣ ΕΜΠΕΙΡΙΚΕΣ ΑΝΑΦΟΡΕΣ
Λήψεις
Τα δεδομένα λήψης δεν είναι ακόμη διαθέσιμα.
Αναφορές
Antonakis, J., Bastardoz, N., & Rönkkö, M. (2021). On ignoring the random effects assumption in multilevel models: Review, critique, and recommendations. Organizational Research Methods, 24(2), 443-483. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428119877457
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.84.2.191
Bates, T. C. (2015). The glass is half full and half empty: A population-representative twin study testing if optimism and pessimism are distinct systems. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 10(6), 533-542. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2015.1015155
Chang, E. C., D'Zurilla, T. J., & Maydeu-Olivares, A. (1994). Assessing the dimensionality of optimism and pessimism using a multimeasure approach. Cognitive Therapy and Research.
Chang, L., & McBride-Chang, C. (1996). The factor structure of the Life Orientation Test. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 56(2), 325-329. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164496056002013
Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 499-512. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499
Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., & Gevers, J. M. (2015). Job crafting and extra-role behavior: The role of work engagement and flourishing. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 91, 87-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.09.001
Demerouti, E., Xanthopoulou, D., Petrou, P., & Karagkounis, C. (2017). Does job crafting assist dealing with organizational changes due to austerity measures? Two studies among Greek employees. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 26(4), 574-589. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432x.2017.1325875
Demerouti, E., Soyer, L. M., Vakola, M., & Xanthopoulou, D. (2021). The effects of a job crafting intervention on the success of an organizational change effort in a blue‐collar work environment. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 94(2), 374-399. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12330
Desrumaux, P., Lapointe, D., Ntsame Sima, M., Boudrias, J., Savoie, A., & Brunet, L. (2015). The impact of job demands, climate, and optimism on well-being and distress at work: What are the mediating effects of basic psychological need satisfaction? European Review of Applied Psychology, 65(4), 179-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2015.06.003
Geldhof, G. J., Preacher, K. J., & Zyphur, M. J. (2014). Reliability estimation in a multilevel confirmatory factor analysis framework. Psychological Methods, 19(1), 72–91. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032138
Hazlett, A., Molden, D. C., & Sackett, A. M. (2011). Hoping for the best or preparing for the worst? Regulatory focus and preferences for optimism and pessimism in predicting personal outcomes. Social Cognition, 29(1), 74-96. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2011.29.1.74
Higgins, E. T. (1997). Beyond pleasure and pain. American Psychologist, 52(12), 1280-1300. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.52.12.1280
Hjelle, L. A., Busch, E. A., & Warren, J. E. (1996). Explanatory style, dispositional optimism, and reported parental behavior. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 157(4), 489-499. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221325.1996.9914881
Hoffman, L. (2014). Longitudinal analysis: Modeling within-person fluctuation and change. Routledge.
Hyers, L. (2018). Diary methods. Oxford Scholarship Online. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190256692.001.0001
Kluemper, D. H., Little, L. M., & DeGroot, T. (2009). State or trait: Effects of state optimism on job-related outcomes. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(2), 209-231. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.591
Kubzansky, L. D., Kubzansky, P. E., & Maselko, J. (2004). Optimism and pessimism in the context of health: Bipolar opposites or separate constructs? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(8), 943-956. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167203262086
Lichtenthaler, P. W., & Fischbach, A. (2018). A meta-analysis on promotion- and prevention-focused job crafting. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 28(1), 30-50. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432x.2018.1527767
Lopes, M. P., da Palma, P. J., & E Cunha, M. P. (2010). Tolerance is not enough: The moderating role of optimism on perceptions of regional economic performance. Social Indicators Research, 102(2), 333-350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9685-5
Luthans, F., & Youssef, C. M. (2007). Emerging positive organizational behavior. Journal of Management, 33(3), 321-349. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206307300814
Marshall, G. N., & Lang, E. L. (1990). Optimism, self-mastery, and symptoms of depression in women professionals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59(1), 132-139. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.59.1.132
Malouff, J. M., & Schutte, N. S. (2017). Can psychological interventions increase optimism? A meta-analysis. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(6), 594-604. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2016.1221122
Nissinen, T. S., Maksniemi, E., Rothmann, S., & Lonka, K. (2022). Balancing work life: job crafting, work engagement, and workaholism in the finnish public sector. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 817008. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.817008
Oprea, B., Păduraru, L., & Iliescu, D. (2022). Job crafting and intent to leave: The mediating role of meaningful work and engagement. Journal of Career Development, 49(1), 188-201. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845320918666
Palgi, Y., Shrira, A., Ben-Ezra, M., Cohen-Fridel, S., & Bodner, E. (2011). The relationships between daily optimism, daily pessimism, and affect differ in young and old age. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(8), 1294-1299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.02.030
Park, S., & Park, S. (2023). Contextual antecedents of job crafting: review and future research agenda. European Journal of Training and Development, 47(1/2), 141-165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-06-2021-0071
Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., Peeters, M. C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Hetland, J. (2012). Crafting a job on a daily basis: Contextual correlates and the link to work engagement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(8), 1120-1141. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1783
Plomin, R., Scheier, M. F., Bergeman, C., Pedersen, N., Nesselroade, J., & McClearn, G. (1992). Optimism, pessimism and mental health: A twin/adoption analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 13(8), 921-930. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(92)90009-e
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
Rego, A., Cunha, M. P., Reis Júnior, D., Anastácio, C., & Savagnago, M. (2018). The optimism-pessimism ratio as predictor of employee creativity: The promise of duality. European Journal of Innovation Management, 21(3), 423-442. https://doi.org/10.1108/ejim-07-2017-0087
Rudolph, C. W., Katz, I. M., Lavigne, K. N., & Zacher, H. (2017). Job crafting: A meta-analysis of relationships with individual differences, job characteristics, and work outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 102, 112-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2017.05.008
Salanova, M., & Schaufeli, W. (2008). A cross-national study of work engagement as a mediator between job resources and proactive behaviour. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(1), 116-131. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190701763982
Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1985). Optimism, coping, and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychology, 4(3), 219–247. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.4.3.219
Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1988). A model of behavioral self-regulation: Translating intention into action. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 21, 303-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60230-0
Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (1994). Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1063-1078. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.67.6.1063
Snijders, T. A., & Bosker, R. J. (2011). Multilevel analysis: An introduction to basic and advanced multilevel modeling (2nd ed.). Sage.
Thun, S., & Bakker, A. B. (2018). Empowering leadership and job crafting: The role of employee optimism. Stress and Health, 34(4), 573-581. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2818
Tims, M., B. Bakker, A., & Derks, D. (2014). Daily job crafting and the self-efficacy – performance relationship. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(5), 490-507. https://doi.org/10.1108/jmp-05-2012-0148
Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Xanthopoulou, D. (2010). Do transformational leaders enhance their followers' daily work engagement? PsycEXTRA Dataset. https://doi.org/10.1037/e572992012-318
Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2012). Development and validation of the job crafting scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(1), 173-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.05.009
Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2013). The impact of job crafting on job demands, job resources, and well-being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18(2), 230-240. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032141
Tuan, L. T. (2019). HR flexibility and job crafting in public organizations: The roles of knowledge sharing and public service motivation. Group & Organization Management, 44(3), 549-577. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601117741818
Tindle, H. A., Chang, Y., Kuller, L. H., Manson, J. E., Robinson, J. G., Rosal, M. C., Siegle, G. J., & Matthews, K. A. (2009). Optimism, cynical hostility, and incident coronary heart disease and mortality in the women’s health initiative. Circulation, 120(8), 656-662. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.108.827642
Vakola, M., Xanthopoulou, D., & Demerouti, E. (2023). Daily Job Crafting and Adaptive Performance During Organizational Change: The Moderating Role of Managers’ Influence Tactics. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 59(2),232-261. https://doi.org/10.1177/00218863221133622
Van den Heuvel, M., Demerouti, E., & Peeters, M. C. (2015). The job crafting intervention: Effects on job resources, self‐efficacy, and affective well‐being. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 88(3), 511-532. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12128
Van Wingerden, J., Derks, D., & Bakker, A. B. (2015). The impact of personal resources and job crafting interventions on work engagement and performance. Human Resource Management, 56(1), 51-67. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21758
Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J. E. (2001). Crafting a job: Revisioning employees as active crafters of their work. Academy of management review, 26(2), 179-201. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2001.4378011
Xanthopoulou, D., Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2007). The role of personal resources in the job demands-resources model. International journal of Stress Management, 14(2), 121. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/1072-5245.14.2.121
Xanthopoulou, D., Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2009). Work engagement and financial returns: A diary study on the role of job and personal resources. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 82(1), 183-200. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317908X285633
Zampetakis, L. A. (2022a). Employees' fear at work, job crafting, and work engagement on a daily basis: The case for fear of COVID‐19. Applied Psychology, Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12388
Zampetakis, L.A. (2022b). Does an overall job crafting dimension exist? A multidimensional item response theory analysis. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 38(1), 32-35. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000638
Τα περισσότερο διαβασμένα άρθρα του ίδιου συγγραφέα(s)