Μελέτη της σχέσης φωνολογικής επίγνωσης και αναγνωστικής ικανότητας μέσω της καταγραφής Γνωστικών Προκλητών Δυναμικών

Manuscript
Δημοσιευμένα: Dec 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/psy_hps.28820
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
φωνολογική επίγνωση αναγνωστικές δυσκολίες Γνωστικά Προκλητά Δυναμικά Ελληνική γλώσσα
Αργυρώ Φέλλα
Πανεπιστήμιο Λευκωσίας
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6178-1443
Χριστόφορος Χριστοφόρου
St. John’s University
Μαρία Λοϊζου-Παπαδοπούλου
Υπουργείο Παιδείας, Πολιτισμού, Αθλητισμού και Νεολαίας
Τιμόθεος Κ. Παπαδόπουλος
Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1864-5862
Περίληψη

Η παρούσα έρευνα εξέτασε τις διαφορές μεταξύ παιδιών με αναγνωστικές δυσκολίες (ΑΔ) και τυπικών αναγνωστών (ΤΑ) (με ηλικιακό εύρος 7,70 μέχρι 12,08 χρονών· Μ.Ο. = 9,79, Τ.Α. = 1,57· Κορίτσια = 24) σε δύο έργα φωνολογικής επίγνωσης (αφαίρεση φωνήματος και παραδρομή της γλώσσας), μέσω της καταγραφής Γνωστικών Προκλητών Δυναμικών. Από την καταγραφή των ηλεκτροεγκεφαλογραφημάτων παρατηρήθηκε η έκλυση της κυματομορφής Ν400. Τα αποτελέσματα για την ηλικιακή ομάδα των 8 ετών έδειξαν ότι οι συμμετέχοντες με ΑΔ είχαν εκτενέστερο Ν400 σε σχέση με τους ΤΑ στο έργο αφαίρεσης φωνήματος, εύρημα που φανερώνει μεγαλύτερη προσπάθεια, εκ μέρους των παιδιών με ΑΔ, για την επεξεργασία φωνολογικών ερεθισμάτων συγκριτικά με τους τυπικά αναπτυσσόμενους συνομηλίκους τους. Τα χαρακτηριστικά της κυματομορφής Ν400 στο έργο αφαίρεσης αρχικού φωνήματος ήταν παρόμοια μεταξύ των συμμετεχόντων με ΑΔ και των ΤΑ που ανήκαν στην ηλικιακή ομάδα των 11 ετών, καταδεικνύοντας ότι οι δυσκολίες που αντιμετωπίζουν τα παιδιά στα έργα φωνολογικής επίγνωσης μετριάζονται με την ανάπτυξη, λόγω του βαθμού διαφάνειας του ελληνικού ορθογραφικού συστήματος. Στο έργο παραδρομής της γλώσσας, οι διαφορές μεταξύ των ομάδων στην κυματομορφή Ν400 δεν ήταν στατιστικά σημαντικές, πιθανότατα λόγω του αυξημένου βαθμού δυσκολίας του συγκεκριμένου έργου. Η συζήτηση εστιάζεται στη σημασία της καταγραφής των Γνωστικών Προκλητών Δυναμικών ως μίας τεχνικής που μπορεί να προσφέρει σημαντική πληροφόρηση αναφορικά με τους φωνολογικούς μηχανισμούς που υποστηρίζουν την ανάγνωση.

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Βιογραφικά Συγγραφέων
Αργυρώ Φέλλα, Πανεπιστήμιο Λευκωσίας

Λέκτορας, Τμήμα Παιδαγωγικών Σπουδών, Πανεπιστήμιο Λευκωσίας, Κύπρος

Τιμόθεος Κ. Παπαδόπουλος, Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου

Καθηγητής, 

Τμήμα Ψυχολογίας, Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου, Κύπρος

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