Κατασκευή και ψυχομετρικός έλεγχος κλίμακας διερεύνησης της στάσης των μαθητών απέναντι στην Ιστορία


Δημοσιευμένα: Sept. 19, 2021
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
Ιστορία στάση μαθητών κλίμακα ΕΔΙΣ ΤΠΕ στρατηγικές μελέτης χάρτης
Αριστέα Μαυρογιάννη
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5926-0363
Ελένη Βασιλάκη
Εμμανουήλ Γιαχνάκης
Περίληψη
Σημαντική πτυχή της ιστορικής εκπαίδευσης συνιστά τα τελευταία χρόνια η προσπάθεια κατανόησης της στάσης των μαθητών/τριών απέναντι στο μάθημα της Ιστορίας, που διδάσκεται στην ελληνική πρωτοβάθμια και δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση συστηματικά. Μέχρι σήμερα δεν υφίσταται κλίμακα αποτύπωσης αυτής της στάσης. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας ήταν η κατασκευή και ο έλεγχος μιας κλίμακας αυτοαναφορικής, για την στάση των μαθητών/τριών δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης απέναντι στο σχολικό μάθημα της Ιστορίας. Η κατασκευή της βασίστηκε σε μεθοδολογία επτά βημάτων για δημιουργία ερωτηματολογίων εκπαιδευτικής έρευνας. Ο προκαταρκτικός έλεγχος περιεχομένου στο αρχικό σύνολο δηλώσεων κατέληξε σε ερωτηματολόγιο 23 δηλώσεων τύπου 5-βαθμης κλίμακας Likert, με το οποίο συλλέχθηκαν τα ερευνητικά δεδομένα από 247 μαθητές/τριες δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης του Νομού Ηρακλείου Κρήτης. Η διερευνητική παραγοντική ανάλυση απέδωσε μοντέλο 11 δηλώσεων με σημαντικές φορτίσεις σε 4 παράγοντες. Αυτοί νοηματοδοτήθηκαν ως εξής: επίδραση των Τεχνολογιών Πληροφορίας και Επικοινωνιών (ΤΠΕ), στρατηγικές μελέτης του μαθήματος, ευρύτερη στάση απέναντι στην Ιστορία, και επίδραση του ιστορικού χάρτη. Η δομή του μοντέλου επιβεβαιώθηκε με πολύ καλές τιμές δεικτών προσαρμογής και έγινε επιτυχώς έλεγχος αξιοπιστίας, εγκυρότητας και ψυχομετρικής αξιολόγησης. Η ερευνητική διαδικασία απέδωσε την έγκυρη και αξιόπιστη κλίμακα ΕΔΙΣ, με 11 δηλώσεις σε 4 υποκλίμακες. Η συνολική βαθμολογία κλίμακας και υποκλιμάκων εξάγεται με απλή άθροιση των αντίστοιχων τιμών.
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