Hematologic changes in experimentally induced feline steatitis: A comparative study between the Domestic shorthair and Siamese breed


A. F. KOUTINAS (Α.Φ. ΚΟΥΤΙΝΑΣ)
A. FYTIANOU (Α. ΦΥΤΙΑΝΟΥ)
M. KRITSEPI (Μ. ΚΡΙΤΣΕΠΗ)
M. M. MYLONAKIS (Μ.Μ. ΜΥΛΩΝΑΚΗΣ)
Abstract

In order to study the hematological abnormalities in feline steatitis 10 Domestic shorthair (DSH) and 10 Siamese 2 to 3 month-old kittens were used to whom cooked sardines supplemented with minerals and vitamins, except vitamin E, were given for 4 consecutive months (experimental groups). An equal number of age and sex matched kittens for each breed that were being fed a commercial canned cat food based on oily fish and for the same period of time served as controls. Blood samples were taken at 0 time and at 15-day intervals thereafter for a CBC. Red and white blood cell morphology was also studied. Steatitis was reproduced in all the 20 kittens of the experimental groups. Five DSH kittens developed the clinical and 5 the subclinical form of the disease. The relevant figures for the affected Siamese kittens were 6 and 4, respectively. The clinical disease was significantly more severe in the DSH breed only at the very beginning of the experimental period (time 1). None of the controls belonging to both breeds developed clinical signs or lesions associated with steatitis. Low PCV(<25%) and decreased Hb concentration (<8 g/100ml) indicating anemia, and appearing as early as time 1, in the experimental groups were significantly more severe in the Siamese than in the DSH breed. Evidently the anemia was non-regenerative attributable to chronic inflammatory nature of steatitis. In most of the observation times significant neutrophilic leucocytosis was detected only in the experimental groups; a regenerative left shift was seen in approximatery 50% of all the cases with neutrophilia. Eosinophilia and monocytosis were of minor significance for both breeds. No erythrocyte and leucocyte morphological abnormalities were seen in the DSH or the Siamese experimental groups all over the experimental period.

Article Details
  • Section
  • Research Articles
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Ο' Donneil JA, Hayes KC. Nutrition and nutritional disorder. In: Holzworth J (ed), Diseases of the eat: medicine and surgery. Vol. I, WB Saunders, Philadelphia 1987:15-42.
Armstrong PJ. Hand MS. Nutritional disorders. In: Sherding R.D. (ed) The cat: Diseases and Clinical Management. Churchill Livingstone, New York 1989:148-150.
Koutinas AF. Miller WH Jr,Kritsepi M, Lekkas S. Pansteatitis (steatitis yellow fat disease) in the cat: A review article and report of four spontaneous cases. Veterinary Dermatology 1993,3:101-106.
Yager JA, Scott DW. The skin and appendages. In: Jubb K, Kennedy P, Palmer Ν (eds) Pathology of Domestic Animals. Vol. I., Academic Press. Orlando, 1985:455.
Cordy DR. Experimental production of steatitis (yellow fat disease) in kittens fed a commercial canned food and prevention of the condition by vitamin E. Cornell Vet 1954, 44:312-318.
Griffiths RC, Thornton GW, Wilson JE. Eight addtional cases of pansteatitis (vellow fat disease) in cats. JAVMA I960, 137:126-128.
Van Vleet JF. Gurrent Knowledge of Selenium-Vitamin E deficiency in domestic animals. JAVMA 1980. 1 76:321-325.
Kallfclz FA. Skeletal and neuromuscular disease. In: Lewis LD, Morris ML, Hand Jr and MS (eds) Small Animal Clinical Nutrition III. Mark Morris Association, Topeka 1987:12-13.
Gaskell GI, Leedale AH, Douglas SW. Pansteatitis in the cat: A report of four cases. J Small Anim Pract 1975. 16:117-121.
Summers BA, Sykes G, Martin ML. Pansteatitis mimicking infectious peritonitis in a cat. JAVMA 1982. 180:546-549.
Hagiwara MK, Guerra JL. Maeoka MR. Pansteatilis ("yellow fat disease") in a cat. Feline Practice 1986, 16:25-27.
Yorke RM. Steatitis in cat. Calif. Veterinarian 1960. 13:14-15.
Watson AD, Porges WL, Huxtable CR, Ilkiw WJ. Pansteatitis in a cat. Aust. Vet. J.. 1973, 49:338-392.
NRC. Nutrient requirements of cats. National Research Council. National Academy of Scieces. Washington. D.C. 1986.
Wintrobe MM. Microscopic examinition of the blood. Amer. J.Med. Sci. 1933, 185:58.
Κύτος Α. Απλή παλινδρόμηση και συσχέτιση. Στατιστική. Εκοόσεις Παρατηρητής, Θεσσαλονίκη 1986:479-526.
Μπάτζιος, Χ. Σημειοχτεις Οικονομίας Ζο)ϊκής Παραγωγής, Υπηρεσία Δημοσιευμάπυν Α.Π.Θ., Θεσσαλονίκη, 1991.
Jain NC. Erythrocyte physiology and changes in disease . In: Jain NC (ed) Essentials of Veterinarv Hematologv. 1st ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1993:133-158.
Hall RL. Interpreting the Leukogram. In: August JR (ed). Consultation in Feline Internal Medicine, 2, WB Saunders. Philadelphia. 1994:489-494.
Gershoff SN, Norkin SA. Vitamin E deficiency in cats. J. Nutr. 1962,77:303-308.
Cropper N. Pansteatitis in cats fed fish-based commercial foods. Can Vet J1980,21:192-193.
Weis DJ, McClay CB, Studies on the pathogenesis of the erythrocyte destruction associated with the anemia of inflammatory disease. Vet Clin Pathol 1988, 17:90-93.
Eibert M, Lewis DC. Evaluation of the feline erythron in health and disease. Comp. Cont. Educ. Pract. Vet. 1997, 19:335-347.
Mahaffey EA, Smith JE. Depression anemia in cats. Feline Practice 1978, 8:19-22.
Wright-George J. What's unique in feline hematology and clinical chemistry. Proc. AC VIM 1994:34-36.
Norsworthy GD, Anemia. In: Norsworthy GD (ed) Feline Practice. JB Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, 1993:157-163.
Lear AS, Anemia Diagnosis and Treatment. In: August JR (ed). Consultations in Feline Internal Medicine, 2, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1994:469-487.
Harvey JW. Erythrocyte metabolism. In: Kanekko JJ (ed), Clinical biochemistry of Domestic Animals, 4th ed., Academic Press, 1989:185-234.
Fan LC, Dorner JL, Hoffman WE. Reticulocyte response and maturation in experimental acute blood loss anemia in the cat. JAAHA 1978, 14:219-224.
Christopher MM. Relation of endogenous Heinz bodies to disease and anemia in cats: 120 cases (1978-1987) JAVMA 1989,194:1089-1095.
Munson TO, Holzworth J, Small E. Steatitis (yellow fat disease) in cats fed canned red tuna. JAVMA 1958,133:563-568.
Root CR, Steatitis in cats: its radiographic appearance. J Am Vet Rad Soc 1971,12:60-64.
Flecknet PA, Gruffydd-Jones TJ, Pansteatitis in the cat, Vet Ree 1978, 102:149.
Jain NC. The cat: Normal hematology with comments on Response to Disease. In: Jain NC (ed), ShalirTs Veterinary Hematology, 4th ed., Lea and Febinger, Philadelphia,
:126-139.
Watson ADJ, Middleton DJ, Chloramphenicol toxicosis in cats. Am J Vet Res. 1978, 39:1199-1203.
Latimer KS, Rakish PM, Clinical interpretation of Leukocyte responses. The Veterinary Clinics of North America, Sm An Pract, Part 11989,19:637-650.
Center SA, Randolph JF, Erb ΗΝ, Reiter S., Eosinophilia in the cat: A retrospective study of 312 cases (1975-1986), JAAHA 1990, 26:349-358.
Most read articles by the same author(s)