Ποιοτική διερεύνηση της βιωμένης εμπειρίας της ψύχωσης: Μεθοδολογική ανασκόπηση


Δημοσιευμένα: Okt. 15, 2020
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
βιωμένη εμπειρία Ποιοτική έρευνα Φαινομενολογία Ψύχωση
Ευγενία Γεωργάκα
Περίληψη

Στην εργασία αυτή επιχειρείται μια μεθοδολογική ανασκόπηση ποιοτικών μελετών της βιωμένης εμπειρίας της ψύχωσης. Στόχος είναι η παρουσίαση των κεντρικών ερευνητικών ρευμάτων της ψυχωτικής εμπειρίας και η αποτίμηση της χρησιμότητας και καταλληλότητάς τους για τη μελέτη του ρόλου των κοινωνικών παραγόντων στην εμφάνιση, βίωση και διαχείριση της ψύχωσης. Στην εργασία παρουσιάζονται: (α) η φαινομενολογική προσέγγιση, που στοχεύει στον προσδιορισμό της ουσίας της ψυχωτικής εμπειρίας, (β) η αφηγηματική και διαλογική προσέγγιση, που επικεντρώνονται στη συγκρότηση του εαυτού στην ψύχωση, μέσω της εξέτασης των χαρακτηριστικών των αφηγήσεων του εαυτού, (γ) η κοινωνική κονστρουξιονιστική προσέγγιση, που μέσω της ανάλυσης του λόγου ατόμων με εμπειρία ψυχικού πόνου εξετάζει την κοινωνική κατασκευή του ψυχικού πόνου, και τέλος (δ) εμπειρικές μελέτες που χρησιμοποιούν θεματικού τύπου ποιοτική ανάλυση συνεντεύξεων με άτομα με εμπειρία ψυχικού πόνου, προκειμένου να αναδείξουν τις εμπειρίες, απόψεις και θέσεις των ατόμων αυτών σχετικά με ποικίλες πτυχές της ζωής με την ψύχωση. Σε καθεμία από τις προσεγγίσεις εξετάζονται: (α) το επιστημολογικό παράδειγμα που υιοθετείται (β) η θεώρηση της ψύχωσης, και του ψυχικού πόνου εν γένει, (γ) η ερευνητική μεθολογία που ακολουθείται, αναφορικά με τη συλλογή και την ανάλυση του ερευνητικού υλικού, (δ) τα κεντρικά ευρήματα και συμπεράσματα των μελετών, και (ε) ο ρόλος που η κάθε προσέγγιση αποδίδει στις κοινωνικές παραμέτρους και διεργασίες.

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