The culture of sustainability in European history: ethical and practical models for relationship between man and nature

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Published: Jul 20, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/sas.648
Ελισάβετ Χαϊντενράιχ
Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου, Τμήμα Κοινωνιολογίας
Abstract
The evolution of a modern culture of sustainability requires historical knowledge and a dialogue with the past. The article represents three crucial phases in European history, during which the basic notions, ethical concepts and first politics of sustainability were founded. In the context of the medieval dogma of Divine Providence, nearly all notions of sustainability were developed, as well as theological concepts for the relationship between man and nature. The faith in Divine Providence which cares for the pursuit of life and world, dissolved in the 17th century. Man himself has to care about his life and future. To meet this requirement, two different answers were given by Descartes and Spinoza. Whereas the former provoked the scientific- technological dominance over nature, the latter suggested ethics of cooperation with physical dynamics and responsibility for the future generations. It is this philosophical context in which the first politics of the sustainable management of natural resources took place and in which the modern notion of sustainability was rooted.
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