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Prevalence of familial hypercholesterolemia in Attica region, Greece

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Published: Feb 11, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/healthresj.26096
Keywords:
Familial hypercholesterolemia prevalence risk cardiovascular disease
Niki Pavlatou
Lecturer, Department of Nursing, University of West Attica
Nikoletta Rovina
Assistant Professor, Intensive Care Unit, 1st Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Sotiria” Chest Disease Hospital, Athens
Georgia Toylia
Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, University of West Attica
Olga Kadda
RN, PhD, Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center
Christina Marvaki
Emeritus Professor, Department of Nursing, University of West Attica
Theodore Kapadochos
Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, University of West Attica
Genovefa Kolovou
MD, Director of Preventive Cardiology, Lipid Disorders Clinic and LA Unit, Metropolitan Hospital
Antonia Koutsoukou
Professor ICU, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st Dept of Respiratory Medicine, “Sotiria” Chest Disease Hospital, Athens
Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemias are one of the major modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most common genetic metabolic disorder; it is estimated that around 14-34 million people worldwide have FH but only 25% of FH patients have been diagnosed. 

Aim: The aim of the present study was to explore the prevalence of FH in Attica region, Greece.

Methods: Attica region was divided into 8 regional units. A predesigned questionnaire was used to collect demographic and clinical data. Data analysis was performed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), ver. 20.

Results: The studied sample consisted of 1578 Greek inhabitants of Attica region. The majority of the sample was women (59.9%). The mean age of the studied participants was 47.1 (±14.9) years. According to Simon Broome criteria, the probability of an FH diagnosis as unlikely is determined in 98.7% of the studied sample, probable in 0.8% of the participants or definite in 0.5% of the participants, based on this data, the prevalence of FH in Attica region, Greece is 1:200. Qualitative factors found to be associated with the onset of the disease were medication (p-value = 0.001) and hypolipidemic therapy (p-value = 0.001). The quantitative factors found to be associated with disease onset were body mass index (p-value = 0.044), and systolic (p-value = 0.001) and diastolic (p-value = 0.007) pressure.

Conclusions: Based on our data, the prevalence of FH in Attica region, Greece is 1:200. Early identification of contributing factors in FH development and proper treatment is vital and reduce the risk of premature and severe atherosclerotic disease.

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