Αίτια που Οδηγούν στην Υποεπίδοση των Χαρισματικών Παιδιών


Ειρήνη Ξυπολιτά
Αλέξανδρος-Σταμάτιος Αντωνίου
Resumen

Η υποεπίδοση των χαρισματικών παιδιών αποτελεί θέμα που έχει διερευνηθεί συστηματικά τα τελευταία χρόνια. Ο εννοιολογικός διαχωρισμός ανάμεσα σε χαρισματικότητα και επίτευξη έχει οδηγήσει σε μια συνεχή μελέτη των παραγόντων που συμβάλλουν στην υποεπίδοση των χαρισματικών νέων. Οι παράγοντες κατηγοριοποιούνται κυρίως σε ενδοπροσωπικούς και διαπροσωπικούς. Τα χαρισματικά παιδιά που στερούνται οικογενειακής υποστήριξης είναι περισσότερο πιθανό να εμφανίσουν υποεπίδοση. Η σημασία ενός υποστηρικτικού οικογενειακού και σχολικού περιβάλλοντος αναδεικνύεται στην πλειονότητα των ερευνών. Οι σημαντικοί άλλοι στη ζωή του παιδιού φαίνεται ότι αποτελούν έναν αντισταθμιστικό παράγοντα στα αρνητικά αποτελέσματα. Αντίθετα, ένα σχολικό σύστημα, το οποίο είναι ανέτοιμο να ανταποκριθεί στις ανάγκες του παιδιού μπορεί να συμβάλει στην κοινωνική, συναισθηματική και ακαδημαϊκή περιθωριοποίησή του. Ένα σημαντικό ποσοστό χαρισματικών παιδιών αποσύρεται, εμφανίζοντας κοινωνικές και συναισθηματικές δυσκολίες σε συνδυασμό με υποεπίδοση. Η αναγκαιότητα σχεδιασμού εκπαιδευτικών συστημάτων προσαρμοσμένων στις εξαιρετικές ικανότητες των χαρισματικών μαθητών γίνεται ολοένα και πιο επιτακτική. Οι προαπαιτούμενες αλλαγές του εκπαιδευτικού συστήματος θα πρέπει να είναι ριζικές και να συμπεριλαμβάνουν την οικογένεια ως σύστημα. Η εύρεση και κατανόηση των παραγόντων υποεπίδοσης των χαρισματικών παιδιών αποτελεί τη βάση ενός επιτυχημένου εκπαιδευτικού συστήματος.

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